EBOLA VIRUS DISEASE (EVD)

Ebola Virus Disease or simply called as EBOLA, is a disease of human or other primates caused by ebolaviruses (EBOV). Victim who contaminated by this virus usually will sign the symptom about 2 or 3 days, such as fever, sore throat, muscle pain and headaches. Vomiting, diarrhea and rash will follow, along with decrease function of liver and kidneys. People can die after six to sixteen days after the symptoms appear and often cause of low blood pressure of fluid loss.

Human can be infected through contact with blood or other body fluids of an infected human or other animal. Spread the diseases is not possible by air. EBOV also can spread from semen or breast milk for several weeks to months after recovery. Fruit bath are believe to be the normal carrier in nature, able to spread the virus without being affected by it.

Until now, there is no specific treatment for the virus available. Doctor treat usually by giving oral rehydration therapy or intravenous fluid as well as treating symptoms. This disease has a high risk of death, killing between 25 % and 90 % of those infected with the virus, with an average mortality rate of 50%.

EVD was first identifying in Sudan (now part of South Sudan) and Zaire (Democratic Republic of Congo. The disease typically occurs in outbreaks in tropical region of sub-Saharan Africa. WHO reported the victim has reach 1,716 cases, the largest outbreak to date is ongoing 2014 West African Ebola Outbreak, which is affecting to Guinea, Sierra Leone and Liberia. In this year (2014) reported 10,141 cases and make death of 4,922 peoples.

Victim
The infected person of Ebolavirus, become like zombie as on the picture below, because their face become have some wound like death body.

Prevention and Control
To people that live on the outbreak area must wearing of protective clothing including masks, gloves, gowns, and googles. This procedure is recommended for whom handle objects contaminated by the infected person’s body fluid. Training and educated people to make more understand and aware to the danger of this disease.

Ebolaviruses can be eliminated with heat (about 30 to 60 minutes at 60 ^oC or boiling water at 5 minutes). To disinfect surface can use lipid solvent such as alcohol based product, detergents, sodium hypochlorite (bleach) or calcium hypochlorite and other suitable disinfectants at appropriate concentrations may be used.